Laparoscopic surgery

Laparoscopy refers to the examination of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes using surgical instruments and equipment. The method is referred to as minimally invasive surgical interventions, because for diagnosis it is not necessary to cut the entire abdomen; the surgeon makes only small incisions of the skin up to a maximum of 2 cm long, which easily and quickly heal after surgery.

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What are the indications for laparoscopy?

The St. Paraskeva Medical Center performs more than 40 different laparoscopic surgical interventions, which are indicated:

• inflammatory changes in the abdominal cavity (appendicitis, calculous cholecystitis, etc.);
• hernias of various localization(esophageal, inguinal or femoral);
• achalasia (narrowing) of the esophagus;
• neoplasms of various origins (tumors of the uterus, ovaries, intestines, stomach, adrenal glands, kidneys, spleen, etc.);
• finding the cause or treatment of infertility;
• sterilization (ligation) of fallopian tubes, spermatic cords;
• the presence of fistulous passages, pelvic fistulas, and the like.

How to prepare for laparoscopy?

Preparation for the intervention can be divided into several stages:

1. Preparation of the surgical area (if the patient wishes, he/she can shave the hair (if any) in the area of the future surgery at home).
2. Diet (patients are advised to refrain from eating food that may cause excessive gas formation 3-4 days before the procedure. During this period, you can eat low-fat broths, porridges cooked on water, dietary varieties of meat in boiled form, it is allowed to drink non-carbonated water, tea).
3. Laboratory preparation (before elective laparoscopy, which is performed under anesthesia, the patient will be offered a certain package of tests, depending on the type of operation and its complexity), which may include:
   • general clinical and biochemical blood tests;
   • electrocardiogram (ECG);
   • blood test for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C;
   • rapid testing for the covid-19 antigen.

How does laparoscopy work?

The patient is on the operating table, under the careful supervision of an anesthesiologist. Throughout the operation, medical personnel will monitor key indicators of vital functions of the patient's body.

Immediately at the beginning of the intervention, the surgeon will make small incisions on the patient's abdomen from 7 mm to a maximum of 17-20 mm (depending on the reason for laparoscopy). Through holes in the skin, the patient is injected with carbon dioxide into the abdominal cavity to create the necessary conditions for further intervention.

The laparoscopic video system at St. Paraskeva Medical Center is equipped with the latest optics, which allows you to get high image quality (Full HD). Next, the surgeon performs the main stage of laparoscopy (according to the reason for the patient's treatment). After the intervention, the surgeon frees the abdominal cavity from carbon dioxide and laparoscopic instruments.

Incisions on the body must be sutured and bandaged. The St. Paraskeva Medical Center uses modern and comfortable-to-use dressings, because they do not need to be changed daily. In addition, such bandages can be wetted with water, so the patient will be able to take a shower after surgery without restrictions. 6-7 days after the intervention, the patient will be sutured.

What will be the result of laparoscopy?

The biopsy (tissue that was obtained during laparoscopic intervention) is sent by the surgeon to the laboratory for histological examination. The patient will be able to get the result of histology 8-10 days after the intervention. If the tumor is removed, such an analysis will allow the Attending Physician to decide on further patient management tactics.

What will be the recommendations?

The main healing process lasts up to 2 weeks, so the patient is recommended to refrain from physical exertion. After 1-2 days from the moment of laparoscopy, the patient is discharged home. You can return to the usual rhythm of life in 10-14 days (individually, in each individual case).

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