Consultation of urologist

Urology is a specialized field in the medical field that studies the causes, mechanism of development, methods of diagnosis and treatment of genitourinary diseases, both in men and women.

Back pain that spreads to the lower abdomen, perineum, discomfort, burning or difficulty urinating can be manifestations of inflammatory processes in the kidneys, bladder or prostate.

A urologist at St. Paraskeva Medical Center will help the patient find the cause and prescribe effective treatment.

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In case of what symptoms should you consult a urologist?

• presence of renal colic;
• discomfort, itching or burning of the genitals when urinating;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• reduced jet force or intermittent urination;
• the appearance of uncharacteristic discharge or rash on the skin (plaque on the genitals, purulent discharge, etc.);
• pain in the scrotum, penis, urethra;
• the appearance of blood in the urine or semen;
• turbidity or discoloration of urine;
• weak penile erection;
• urinary incontinence;
• nocturnal enuresis;
• frequent nighttime urination;
• in case of urinary disorders ( absence or difficulty in urination);
• if the sexual partner has complaints;
• changes in the general urine analysis, ultrasound examination of the kidneys, bladder, etc;
• abnormal blood tests (tumor markers in men);
• routinely, as an annual preventive examination.

Is there any preparation before the examination?

There is no special preparation before the first visit to the urologist.

It is important to remember the recommendations on how to properly prepare for the tests:

• urine collection for general urine analysis is carried out in the morning after sleeping, after conducting genital hygiene. Men are advised to expose the glans penis before urinating. The first portion of urine should be released into the toilet, and the middle portion should be collected in a special container, which must be transferred to the laboratory no later than 2 hours after urine collection.
• in case of discharge on the genitals, before visiting a urologist, it is recommended not to use a hygienic toilet and refrain from urinating for 2-3 hours (in this case, a more accurate PCR test result for urogenital infections is achieved).
• for the information content of the spermogram, it is necessary to refrain from sexual intercourse (including masturbation) for 3 days (maximum 5 days) before the planned delivery of the analysis. For 7-10 days, refrain from eating spicy, smoked, excessively salty or sweet foods, as well as alcoholic beverages and tobacco smoking. It is not recommended to visit baths, saunas, hot baths or other procedures that involve exposure to high temperatures on the gate. If there are respiratory signs of the disease (occurring with an increase in body temperature), it is necessary to postpone the collection of ejaculate until complete recovery. At the time of passing the test, it is important to collect all the ejaculate in a special container.

How does the consultation work?

At the beginning of the consultation, the urologist collects an anamnesis of the disease (finds out the reason for the treatment). In accordance with the existing complaints and symptoms of the patient, our specialist performs an initial examination, which, if necessary, can include:

• visual examination of the genitourinary organs;
• manual examination of inguinal lymph nodes (in men, palpation of the scrotum is additionally performed);
• collection of material for examination from the urethra (urogenital infections);
• rectal examination of the prostate (if necessary, secretions are taken from the prostate), etc.

After the initial examination, the urologist determines the need for additional diagnostics:

• ultrasound examination (kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate, scrotum, penis);
• magnetic resonance imaging (usually to assess the prostate, if the presence of a neoplasm is suspected);
• computed tomography (prescribed in case of low information content of ultrasound);
• laboratory diagnostics: general clinical tests (blood, urine), tests for urogenital infections (PCR), PSA analysis (prostate cancer marker), etc.

After that, based on the data of instrumental types of diagnostics, the urologist establishes the diagnosis and prescribes appropriate treatment:

• medical treatment;
• therapeutic;
• hardware;
• surgical.

We draw patients ' attention to the importance of annual preventive examinations for men after 45 (and after 40 in the case of prostate cancer in the next of kin). The most common treatment of patients in the period from 18 to 25 years is varicocele in men and cystitis in women. Therefore, all patients over the age of 18 are recommended to have a routine checkup every 2 years (if there are no complaints).